Which condition is NOT associated with excessive levels of androgens in women?

Which condition is NOT associated with excessive levels of androgens in women?

• A. PCOS
• B. Premenstrual syndrome
• C. Hirsutism
• D. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia

Answer: (B)

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is characterized by a range of physical and emotional symptoms that occur in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle but is not directly associated with excessive levels of androgens. The condition is primarily linked to hormonal fluctuations, particularly changes in estrogen and progesterone, rather than elevated androgen levels. In contrast, conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), hirsutism, and congenital adrenal hyperplasia are closely associated with hyperandrogenism. PCOS often presents with insulin resistance and elevated androgens, leading to symptoms like irregular menstrual cycles and hirsutism. Hirsutism itself is a clinical manifestation of elevated androgen levels, resulting in unwanted hair growth in women. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia involves enzyme deficiencies affecting adrenal hormone production, leading to excess androgen production. Thus, while PMS involves hormonal imbalances, it does not specifically involve or result from high levels of androgens, making it the correct choice in this context.

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is characterized by a range of physical and emotional symptoms that occur in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle but is not directly associated with excessive levels of androgens. The condition is primarily linked to hormonal fluctuations, particularly changes in estrogen and progesterone, rather than elevated androgen levels.

In contrast, conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), hirsutism, and congenital adrenal hyperplasia are closely associated with hyperandrogenism. PCOS often presents with insulin resistance and elevated androgens, leading to symptoms like irregular menstrual cycles and hirsutism. Hirsutism itself is a clinical manifestation of elevated androgen levels, resulting in unwanted hair growth in women. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia involves enzyme deficiencies affecting adrenal hormone production, leading to excess androgen production.

Thus, while PMS involves hormonal imbalances, it does not specifically involve or result from high levels of androgens, making it the correct choice in this context.